Preparatele antimicrobiene şi sarcina

 Antimicrobial drugs and pregnacy

First published: 27 decembrie 2017

Editorial Group: MEDICHUB MEDIA

Abstract

For a rational utilisation of antimicrobial drugs in pregnancy it is necessary to follow the FDA criteria. Thus, could be used safely (class B): penicillins, cephalosporins carbapenems (meropenem, doripenem, ertapenem), inhibitors of beta-lactamase, macrolides (erythromycin, azithromycin), lincosamides, glycopeptides (vancomycin) nitroimidazoles (metronidazole), nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin), antituberculous drugs (rifabutin, ethambutol), antimicotics (ciclopirox, terbinafine, oxiconazol, miconazol, clotrimazol, amphotericin B, nystatin). In vitale situations (class C) could be recommended imipenem, clarythromicine, diritromycine, spiramycine, gentamicin, amikacine, tobramycin, chloramphenicolo, ciprofloxacine, ofloxacine, levofloxacine, moxifloxaine, norfloxacine, linsolid, furasolidon, co-trimoxasole, rifampicine, rifampentine, isoniaside, etionamide, piratinamide, griseofulvine, capsofungine, micafungine, fluconasol, itraonasol, ketkonasol, eonasol, fluocitozine. Absolute contraindicated are: streptomycin, kanamycin, tetraycline, oxytetracycline, metacycline, doxicyline (especially in IInd and IIIrd trimesters), voriconasol.

Keywords
antimicrobial drugs, pregnancy

Rezumat

Pentru utilizarea raţională a preparatelor antimicrobiene în sarcină e necesar de condus după criteriile FDA. Astfel, pot fi utilizate în siguranţă (clasa B): penicilinele, cefalosporinele, carbapenemii (meropenem, doripenem, ertapenem), inhibitorii de beta-lactamaze, macrolidele (eritromicina, azitromicina), lincosamidele, glicopeptidele (vancomicina), nitroimidazolii (metronidazol), nitrofuranii (nitrofurantoina), antituberculoasele (rifabutina, etambutol), antimicoticele (ciclopiroxul, terbinafina, oxiconazolul, miconazolul, clotrimazolul, amfotericina B, nistatina). În situaţii vitale (clasa C) pot fi recomandate: imipenemul, claritromicina, diritromicina, spiramicina, gentamicina, amikacina, tobramicina, cloramfenicolul, ciprofloxacina, ofloxacina, levofloxacina, moxifloxacina, norfloxacina, linesolidul, furazolidona, co-trimoxazolul, rifampicina, rifapentina, izoniasida, etionamida, piratinamida, grizeofulvina, capsofungina, micafungina, fluconazolul, itraconazolul, ketoconazolul, econazolul, fluocitozina. Absolut contraindicate sunt: streptomicina, canamicina, tetraciclina, oxitetraciclina, metaciclina, doxiciclina (îndeosebi în trimestrele II şi III), voriconazolul.

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